现在完成时态授课课件            

教学目的：主要学习现在完成时，这一时态是英语学习的一个很重要的语法点，而学生又总不能很清晰的掌握它，故想通过本课的，让学生能熟练掌握并正确运用这一时态。

教学方法：讲解法

教学过程：

Step1.Free talk

1.     Have you ever been to Shanghai? 2 How many times have you ever been there?

3 How long have you been at this school? 4 How many English words have you learned so far?

5. Have you ever written an e-mail? 6. How often do you write e-mails to your friends?.

Step 2 Presentation

1 现在完成时的构成 助动词have (has)+动词的过去分词

2 现在完成时的主要用法

（1）       表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，常与already、 just、 yet、 never、 ever 、before 等连用,也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语,如these days, this year,  this week，so far等连用. Eg.- --- I have just washed my clothes.（洗衣服是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是衣服干净了）

I Have already posted the photos. (我已经把照片寄走了。)

（2）     表示过去已经开始，一直持续到或延续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用。（for+表示一段时间的词组，since+表示过去某一时刻的词或词组，since +一段时间+ago，since+ that引导的宾语从句）谓语只可用延续性动词.

eg.--- I’ve lived here for 15 years.

eg.--- I’ve lived here since 15 years ago(1990)

Step 3 Revision

现在完成时注意三个分清

1.分清have(has)  been to表示某人曾经去过某地人已归 have(has) been in /at

表示某人去了某地并呆在那里一段时间  have (has) gone to表示某人去了某地人不在这里还没有回来或就在去的途中

2. 分清与一般过去时的用法

现在完成时属于现在时态的范围，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last night, three weeks ago,in1990等.而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系。

3 分清短暂性动词和延续性动词

短暂性动词常见的有 ：buy, borrow, open, close, begin, start, come, go, leave, finish , catch, join

延续性动词常见的有：be, work, study ,learn, teach, live, have, keep, talk, walk, wait短暂变延续最常见的有： buy-have,  borrow-keep,   leave-be away from,   die-be dead,  open-be open,  close-be closed,   come-be here,   begin ,start-be on,   put on-wear ,catch a cold-have a cold

 Step4 the activities（教学互动）

1． 讨论“whether the grammar is important or not?”

正方： yes, it is very important for our English study.

反方：No, English grammar is very difficult to study.

现在完成时态的基本句型构成：

Step5Main structure

1》  肯定句：“助动词have/has+动词的过去分词”

规则动词的过去分词和过去式是一样的。如：live-lived-lived，play-played-played，carry-carried-carried，stop-stopped-stopped 不规则动词的过去分词有自己的特殊形式，见不规则动词表，必须特殊记忆。I have finished my homework.(我已经完成作业了。)

2》  否定句:have\has +not   I haven’t finished my homework.

3》  疑问句:将助动词have\has提到主语的前面  Have you had your lunch?你吃午饭了吗?

Step 6Exercises

1选用for和since填空:

1. We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time.

2. His father has been in the factory ______ 10 years ago.

3. The film has been on ______ 20 minutes.

4. Mr. Green has worked here ______ he came to China.

5 .His grandparents have been dead ______ several years.

6. It’s five years _______ we met last time

2动词填空：

1._____ you ______(clean) the room?   Yes, we_______(do) that already.   When _______ you ______(do) it?    We _______(do) it an hour ago.

2.______ he ______(see) this film yet?  Yes.   When _____ he _____(see) it?    He ______ it last week.

3. How many times _____you______(come) here?    Once.

4. I _______ (read) the novel twice. It’s interesting.

5. She _______(go) to Pairs, hasn’t she?  Yes    How ______ she _______(go) there?    She _______(go) there by air.

6. So far, many countries __________(develop) their software  programs.

7.Mr Chen ______(give)up smoking last year.

8.______ you ever _____(ride) a horse? Never.

9.He ______( keep) the book since two days ago.

3中译英：

1.我买了这块手表五年了。

2.这个老人死了几年了？ 这位老人已经死了十年了。

3.那些小孩子们到哪里去了？他们和老师一起去了长城。

4.吉姆从来去过北京，可是我哥哥三年前在那里工作过

5.自从在学校相遇以来，我们一直都是好朋友。